PTE语法学习：独立主格结构知识点

　　PTE语法学习是我们参加PTE考试的基础，总体来说，PTE考试各部分考察基础内容的就是学生的语法水平，所以待机一定要重视起来，下面小编要带着大家学习的就是独立主格结构，一起来看看吧！

　　独立主格结构可以分为两部分：一部分是名词或代词，起逻辑主语的作用;另一部分是非谓语动词分句(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)或无动词分句(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语)，表示前面名词或代词的动作或状态。

　　基本形式是：名词普通格/代词主格+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语，with引导的复合结构。

　　1. 名词/代词+ 现在分词

　　现在分词表示前面的名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态等。

　　例 The man lay there, his hands trembling.

　　So many students being absent, the meeting had to be put off.

　　His homework having been done, Tom went to sleep.

　　注：“独立结构”中的being或 having been 有时可以省去，这样就成了无动词分句或过去分词分句。

　　2. 名词/代词+过去分词

　　过去分词表示前面的名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的一种状态。

　　例 The boy lay>　　The job not finished, we couldn’t see the film.

　　Her shirt caught>　　后面两个句子也可以看成省略掉了having been，being。如果加上，这两个句子就又变成了现在分词分句。

　　3. 名词/代词+不定式

　　不定式表示的是将来的动作。

　　例He suggested going for a picnic, Mary to provide the food.

　　These are the first two books， the third>　　We shall get together at 7:30, the procession(游行) to start moving at 8 sharp.

　　4. 名词/代词+名词

　　名词一般做前面名词或代词的同位语。

　　例 Many people joined in the work, some of them women and children.

　　He fought the tiger，a stick his>

　　5. 名词/代词+形容词短语

　　形容词(短语)说明前面名词或代词的性质，状态，原因等。

　　例The floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside for a while.

　　I heard that she got injured in the accident， my heart full of sorry.

　　这两个句子也可以看成是省略了being,如果加上，就变成了现在分词分句。

　　6. 名词/代词+副词

　　副词说明前面名词或代词的状态。

　　例 The meeting over, we all went home.

　　Nobody in, he left a message>　　He sat at the table, head down.

　　7. 名词/代词+介词短语

　　介词短语说明伴随前面名词或代词的方式或者状态。

　　例 The teacher came in, a book under his arm.

　　The hunter entered the forest， gun in hand.

　　Nobody at home, the thief took a lot of things away.

　　8. with引导的复合结构, 也可以认为是一种独立主格结构例 A woman got>　　The teacher came in with several students following behind.

　　With a lot of things to deal with, he will have a difficult time.

　　With the work done, he went out to eat.

　　He left the office with the lights on.

　　关于PTE语法的独立主格结构就为大家介绍到这里了，希望大家能够好好复习，提高备考能力，并且小编建议大家要好好积累词汇，这样才能顺利通过考试，如果还想了解更多关于PTE怎么复习、PTE考试论坛的信息，可以在线咨询我们或添加客服微信kewo11！